Технология пищевых продуктов по-английски

Министерство сельского хозяйства Российской Федерации 

Департамент образования, научно-технологической политики 

и рыбохозяйственного комплекса 

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное 

учреждение высшего образования 

«Волгоградский государственный аграрный университет» 

 

Инженерно-технологический факультет 

 

Кафедра «Иностранные языки» 

 
 
 

И. А. Левченко 
А. С. Захарова 
Т. Е. Иванова 

 
 
 
 

 

ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПИЩЕВЫХ  

ПРОДУКТОВ ПО-АНГЛИЙСКИ 

 

Учебно-методическое пособие 

 

для обучающихся по направлениям подготовки:  
35.03.07 Технология производства и переработки  

сельскохозяйственной продукции, 19.03.04 Технология продукции и  

организация общественного питания 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Волгоград  

Волгоградский ГАУ  

2021  

УДК 811.111 
ББК 81.2 Англ. 
Л-38 

 

Рецензенты:  

кандидат педагогических наук, доцент, декан факультета дополнительного образования НОЧУ ВО «Волгоградский гуманитарный институт» С.Н. Никитенко; кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры «Иностранные языки» ФГБОУ ВО Волгоградский ГАУ Т. Н. 
Некрасова  

 
 
Левченко, Инна Алексеевна 

Л-38   Технология пищевых продуктов по-английски: учебнометодическое пособие для обучающихся по направлениям подготовки: 35.03.07 Технология производства и переработки сельскохозяйственной продукции; 19.03.04 Технология продукции и организация общественного питания. / И. А. Левченко, А. С. Захарова, Т. Е. Иванова. 
– Волгоград: ФГБОУ ВО Волгоградский ГАУ, 2021. – 196 с. 

 
 

Пособие включает в себя текстовые материалы по технологии пе
реработки продукции растениеводства и животноводства, организации 
общественного питания, различные лексико-грамматические упражнения и задания по контролю и самоконтролю, направленные на формирование коммуникативных навыков. Предлагаемые тексты и задания позволяют не только развивать и совершенствовать навыки владения иностранным языком, но и способствуют формированию профессиональной 
направленности в обучении студентов, интереса к будущей профессии. 

Данное учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для аудитор
ной и внеаудиторной работы обучающимся по направлениям: 35.03.07 
Технология производства и переработки сельскохозяйственной продукции, 19.03.04 Технология продукции и организация общественного питания. 

 

УДК 811.111  
ББК 81.2 Англ 

 

 ФГБОУ ВО Волгоградский ГАУ, 
2021  
 Левченко И. А., Захарова А. С., 
Иванова Т. Е., 2021  

 
 

PART 1 

FOOD TECHNOLOGY 

 

 

TEXT 1 

WHAT IS FOOD TECHNOLOGY? 

 

affordable – доступный (по цене) 
agriculture – земледелие, сельское хозяйство 
appearance – внешний вид 
composition – состав 
digestible – перевариваемый 
fishing – рыболовный промысел 
food preservation – сохранение, консервирование пищевых 
продуктов 
food processing – технология производства (обработки) пищевых 

продуктов 

food process engineering – техника пищевых процессов 
food science – наука о пищевых продуктах 
involve – включать, вовлекать 
nutritive value – питательная ценность 
palatable – вкусный 
poisoning – отравление 
prevent – предотвращать, препятствовать 

replace – заменять, замещать 
safe – безвредный 
safety – безвредность, безопасность 
species – вид, разновидность 
spoilage – порча 
storage – хранение, хранилище 
technique – метод, способ, технический прием 
undesirable – нежелательный 
Food Technology is a branch of food science that deals with the pro
duction processes that make foods. 

Food Technology or Food Tech for short is the application of food 

science to the selection, preservation, processing, packaging, distribution, 
and use of safe, nutritious, and wholesome food. 

Food scientists and food technologists study the physical, microbio
logical, and chemical makeup of food. Depending on their area of specialization, Food Scientists may develop ways to process, preserve, package, or 
store food, according to industry and government specifications and regulations. Consumers seldom think of the vast array of foods and the research 
and development that has resulted in the means to deliver tasty, nutritious, 
safe, and convenient foods. 

The term Food Technology refers to the processes and systems used 

for food products. 

The technologies used after the point of harvesting of crops until the 

point of consumption belong to food technology. Some of the technologies 
used in food preservation are sterilization, pasteurization, packaging, 
chilling, freezing and dehydration. A specific technological application can 
be called as a technique. Some of them are analytical, separation, vacuum 
packaging and modified atmospheric techniques. 

Food technology is the study of how different foods can be used and 

made into food products. Before they are ready to be sold in the shops, food 
products go through a series of tests and studies to make sure that they are: 

- safe to eat; 
- good to eat; 
- easy to use; 
- well packaged; 
- a reasonable price. 
The food industry is very large and includes: 
- food producers (people who grow food); 
- food manufacturers (people who make food products); 
- food distributors (people who supply foods to shops, restaurants, 

schools, hospitals); 

- food retailers (people who sell food); 
- food providers (people who cook and sell food in restaurants, can
teens, etc.) 

People have been growing, making and selling food to other people 

for hundreds of years, but it was during the 20th century that the food industry became very large. Why did this happen? What were the consequences of the growth of the food industry? 

This happened because: 
1. Governments encouraged farmers to grow more food. 
2. Transport by land, sea and air became easier. 
3. There was the growth of technology. 
The consequences are the following: 
1. Many foods became cheaper and easier for people to buy. But: 

This resulted in environmental damage and big changes to the countryside 
(loss of hedgerows, ponds and woodland and other natural habitats for 
wildlife). 

2. People travelled abroad and tried food from other countries. Food 

growth in one country could be sent to another country and arrive there in 
good condition. People used cars to buy their food from supermarkets. But: 
This resulted in air pollution and less exercise for people; opening foreign 
restaurants and selling foreign food in shops; the opportunity for people to 
eat some food (e.g. strawberries) all year round. 

3. Food could be grown and harvested on large scale using machin
ery. New food products were invented, e.g. low-fat spreads, breakfast cereals, instant puddings. New ways of preventing food from ‗going off ‘(preserving food) could be used, e.g. UHT milk, frozen food, vacuum packaging. But: This resulted in less need for working on farms; having more 
choices for people; less need for food shopping. 

The design processes 
The series of tests and studies that all new products go through be
fore they are ready to be sold is called the design process. All new products, including cars, toys, kitchen equipment, medicines, and so on, go 
through a similar process. 

There are several stages in the design process for food products. A 

food manufacturer may repeat some stages when designing a new food 
product. 

Stage 1: Is a new product needed? 
This can be called ‗establishing a need ‘. There are several reasons 

why a manufacturer might think a new product is needed: 

- a customer might ask for a new product; 
- research may suggest a new product is needed; 

- there may be a problem with an existing product, so it needs to be 

changed; 

- there may be changes in the types of food people want to eat, for 

example, they may want foods with less fat or sugar in them.  

To find out more about whether a new product is needed, the manu
facturer might carry out some market research. Market researchers will find 
out about the people who they think might buy the product and about similar products that are available: 

About people: 
- why people buy certain food products; 
- how people live (their lifestyle); 
- how much money they spend on food; 
- how much cooking they do at home; 
- how often they eat out in restaurants; 
- how much notice they take of food issues, e.g. healthy eating ad
vice, where and how food is grown, food advertising, damage to the environment, animal welfare.  

About food products: 
- how they are made; 
- what they look, smell, taste and feel like; 
- what happens when they are frozen, cooked in a microwave oven, 

baked and so on; 

- how well their packaging works (it is easy to read and open, does it 

protect the food?) 

- are they suitable for vegetarians, people with allergies, babies, and so on? 
- do they meet people‘s needs, e.g. are they easy to prepare and use 

and healthy, are the portion sizes suitable? 

To find out such information, market researchers use a variety of 

methods, for example: 

- Interviews with people, in which they are asked questions from a 

survey or questionnaire. This might be done through the post, on the telephone, or face to face in the street. 

- Sampling similar food products to the one being designed, and giv
ing opinions about the products and marks for flavour, colour, shape, packaging, and so on. This is called sensory analysis. 

- Using the results of surveys published by other people and organi
zations, for example. The National Food Survey, MORI, Sodexo. 

Stage 2: What should the new product be like? 
The manufacturer has to write down a list called a specification. The 

first (initial) specification may be changed as the product goes through the 
design process. 

The final specification is the one that will be used to make the prod
uct that will be sold. The manufacturer includes: All the things they want 
included in the new product, for example: 

- its shape and size; 

- its flavour and colour; 
- what it will be used for, for example, a snack, a main meal, a party 

food; 

- what ingredients it will contain; 
- what nutrients it will contain; 
- how it will be made; 
- how it will be packaged and stored; 
- who it will be advertised to, for example children, teenagers, single 

people (this is called the target group); 

- what it will cost to make and the price it will sell at; 
- what «image» it will have, for example every day, luxury, fashion
able, reliable, versatile (lots of uses). 

The manufacturer also has to specify all the things the law says they 

must, or cannot, include in the new product, for example: 

cannot 
- a certain amount or type of nutrients, for example sugar or fat; 
- a certain type of additive, for example a colour or preservative; 
- a particular method of preserving or packaging it; 
- a particular way of advertising it. 
must 
- certain information on the label. 
Stage 3: Developing the new product 
Sampling of the new product will be made and tested to see: 
- how it tastes, smells and feels; 
- what it looks like; 
-  what happens when it is cooked; 
- how well it can be stored; 
- how best to package it. 
Some of the ingredients, or the amounts used, may need to be 

changed to improve the product, for example, its flavour, texture or image. 
A final specification will be produced once the results of the tests are 
known. 

Stage 4: Making the product 
The real product, complete with all the packaging, will now be made. 

This is often called the prototype. As the prototype is being made, information is collected to see whether there are any problems with how it is 
made, or the machinery, ingredients, or packaging used. 

One very important piece of information is how safe the food prod
uct is to eat. Food can be made unsafe to eat by tiny forms of life called microorganisms (often called germs). These can get into the food if it is not carefully made and will cause food poisoning. The food manufacturer must check 
all stages of production to make sure that microorganisms are not allowed to 
grow in the product while it is being made, or afterwards, while it is being 
stored. 

Stage 5: Judging the product 
The product is tested and judged by trained people and ordinary 

members of the public. This process is sometimes called «evaluating». The 
manufacturer will use their judgments and the results of the tests to make a 
final decision about making and selling the new product in the shops. 

Stage 6: Putting the product on sale 
The food manufacturer might decide to advertise and sell the new 

food product in one particular area of the country, to see how well it sells. 
This is called a product trial. If it sells well, it will be sold elsewhere. 

If the product doesn ‘t sell well, it may be tried in a different area or 

taken out of production. Or it may need to have flavour or colour improved. 
Sometimes, food products that have been on sale for a long time are 
changed slightly and sold as a new, improved product to encourage people 
to buy more of them. 

An important point for the manufacturer to consider is to how to 

move products from one place to another (distribution). This includes: 

-collecting raw materials (ingredients and packaging materials) or 

having them regularly delivered by suppliers; 

- storing finished food products; 
- sending the finished products to shops, restaurants, warehouses and 

so on in good condition and on time. 

Exercise 1 

Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations: 

Food technology, food industry, food producer, food manufacturer, food 
distributor, food retailer, food provider, design process, market research, 
food advertising, the National Food Survey, MORI, Sodexo, target group, 
food poisoning, product trial 

Exercise 2 

Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations: To 

be used and made into smth, to go through a series of tests/studies, to provide smbd with smth, to encourage smbd to do smth, in good condition, on 
a large scale, to prevent smth from smth, to improve the product, to need a 
new product, to be/look like, to develop a new product, to make a new 
product, to judge the product, to put the product on sale/ to sell the product, 
to check the stages of production, to advertise a new product, to move from 
one place to another. 

Exercise 3 

Translate into Russian: food process engineering, horticulture, food 

science, composition of food, food preservation, undesirable effects, fising, 
spoilage, processing equipment, safe foods, agriculture, synthetic packing 
materials.  

Exercise 4 

Translate into English: производство пищевых продуктов, пи
щевая промышленность, современное высокопроизводительное оборудование, синтетические упаковочные материалы, питательная ценность, химические изменения, виды микроорганизмов.  
 

Exercise 5 

Translate the following sentences paying attention to the predi
cates in the PASSIVE VOICE:  

1. The quality of foodstuffs is constantly being improved.  
2. Industrial processing of food can be followed by physical, chemi
cal and biological changes occurring in food materials.  

3. Food technology is spoken of as scientific study of food and food 

preparation.  

4. Food spoilage may be caused by the action of microorganisms.  
5. Microbiology is now being looked upon as one of the most im
portant aspects of food science.  

6. In the nearest future considerable growth of new synthetic packing 

materials production will be paid great attention to.  

Exercise 6 

Find MODAL VERBS and their equivalents in the following sen
tences and translate them:  

1. It is known that many different reactions may take place during 

food processing.  

2. One should realize that many relationships in food 9 processing 

cannot be derived theoretically, but have to be found out experimentally.  

3. Food technologist ought to make use of a combination of experi
mental data, mathematical calculations and experience.  

4. One can expect that in the future the role of food science will be
come more important.  

5. While preparing foods in industrial scale storage time and condi
tions must be taken into account.  

6. Various microorganisms are able to cause undesirable changes in 

food products. 

 

TEXT 2 

WHAT IS A FOOD TECHNOLOGIST? 

 

A food technologist is a science and engineering expert who re
searches and develops strategies to process, package, and safely distribute 
food products. Some professionals work in laboratories to investigate the 
physical and chemical properties of foods, while others are employed by 
processing plants to design new production techniques. In addition, a food 
technologist may apply his or her specialized knowledge to the development of better quality-control programs, shipping methods, and government standards. Ultimately, technologists ensure the foods citizens consume are safe and nutritious. 

Many food technologists spend a lot of time working in the lab  

 

Food technology is often described as the practical application of 

food science, the study of plant and animal products consumed by humans. 
A food technologist uses the principle findings of scientific research to determine how to improve a product's nutritional value and extend its shelf 
life. Experts who work in research laboratories conduct experiments with 
different types of additives, preservatives, and packaging materials. They 
set recommendations for storage temperatures and preparation techniques 
to help consumers avoid eating bad food. Additionally, some researchers 
are involved in studies to create dishes and recipes that are generally 
healthier than existing options. 

 

 

A food technologist may advise ranchers on how to improve  

the quality of meat