Сервис в России и за рубежом, 2023, том 17, № 7 (109)

2023, Vol. 17. Iss. 7 (109)

СЕРВИС

УЧРЕДИТЕЛЬ:  
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский государственный университет туризма и сервиса». 
Журнал основан в 2007 г.  
ОСНОВНЫЕ СВЕДЕНИЯ О ЖУРНАЛЕ 
Журнал зарегистрирован в Федеральной службе по 
надзору за соблюдением законодательства в сфере 
массовых коммуникаций и охране культурного наследия (свидетельство о регистрации СМИ Эл № ФС7731755 от 25.04.2008, Эл № ФС77-68724 от 9.02.2017).  
Журнал включён в Перечень рецензируемых научных 
изданий ВАК при Минобрнауки РФ, в которых должны
быть опубликованы основные результаты диссертаций
на соискание учёной степени, по научным специальностям и соответствующим им отраслям науки 5.2.3 
Региональная и отраслевая экономика и 5.2.5 Мировая 
экономика (экономические науки), категория К1.
Журнал включён в наукометрические базы и репозитории РИНЦ, Google Scholar, UlrichsWeb и др., индексируется в базах данных научных электронных библиотек
eLibrary.ru, SCIARY, Киберленинка, EZB и др. 
Публикации журнала находятся в открытом доступе и 
распространяются на условиях лицензии Creative 
Commons «Attribution-ShareAlike» 4.0 International.
Ссылки на журнал при цитировании обязательны.
Редколлегия 
не 
всегда 
разделяет 
высказанные 

авторами публикаций мнения, позиции, положения, но 
предоставляет возможность для научной дискуссии.

АДРЕС РЕДАКЦИИ: 
141221, РФ, МО, Пушкинский гор.окр., д.п. Черкизово, 
ул. Главная, 99, к. 1217. 
Тел.: +7(967)246-35-69, 8(495)940-83-63 доб. 395
e-mail: editor@rgutspubl.org, redkollegiamgus@mail.ru

PUBLISHER

Russian State University of Tourism and Service (RF, 
Moscow). Founded in 2007.

BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE JOURNAL

Journal registered by the Federal Service for Supervision of 
Legislation in Mass Communications and Cultural Heritage 
Protection, RF (Reg. Эл №ФС77-31755 from April 25, 2008; 
Эл №ФС77-68724 from February 9, 2017).
The journal was included in the list of the leading peerreviewed scientific journals recommended by the Higher 
Attestation Commission for publication of thesis results
(Economics sciences).
The journal is included in the Russian Science Citation 
Index, Google Scholar, UlrichsWeb, eLibrary.ru, SCIARY, 
CyberLeninka, EZB etc.
Full text files of all archived and current issues of the 
journal are in open access on the site and partner sites. 
Publication in the journal «Service and Tourism: Current 
Challenges» are available under license Creative Commons 
«Attribution-ShareAlike» («Attribution – on the same 
conditions») 4.0 International.
All rights reserved.
Authorial opinions, attitudes, positions, points of view on 
events and processes in Russia and in the world that have 
been said on the pages of the journal are not always 
shared by the editorial board. Editorial board is not 
responsible for the content and the accuracy of any given 
digital, illustrative, and cited materials in the publications 
of authors of the journal. 

CONTACTS

Editorial office: 141221, Russia, Moscow region, Pushkino 
district, vill. Cherkizovo, 99 Glavnaja str., build. 1, room 1217.
Tel./fax: +7.495.940 8363, add. 395; mob. +7.967.246 3569
e-mail: editor@rgutspubl.org, redkollegiamgus@mail.ru

SERVICES

IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD

В РОССИИ
И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ

ISSN 1995-042X
Сетевой научный журнал

Т. 17, No 7 (109)

2023

https://ruservices.rgutspubl.org

РЕДАКЦИЯ ЖУРНАЛА

Главный редактор:
Афанасьев О.Е. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и 
сервиса (РФ, Москва), лауреат Государственной премии 
Украины в области образования, д.геогр.н., проф.

Редакционный совет:
Новикова Н.Г. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и сервиса 
(РФ, 
Москва), 
первый 
проректор, 
д.э.н., 
проф.; 

Председатель Редакционного совета
Ананьева Т.Н. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и сервиса 
(РФ, Москва), д.соц.н., проф.
Гладкий А.В. – Киевский нац. торгово-экономический 
ун-т (Украина, Киев), д.геогр.н., проф.
Неделиа А.-М. – Сучавский ун-т им. Штефана чел Маре 
(Румыния, Сучава), д-р философии (PhD), доц.
Пиментель Т.Д. – Федеральный университет Жуис-деФора (Бразилия, Жуис-де-Фора), к.соц.н. (PhD), доц.
Погребова Е.С. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и сервиса 
(РФ, Москва), к.э.н., доц.
Пулидо-Фернандес Х.И. – Ун-т Хаэна (Испания, Хаэн),
д-р философии (PhD), доц.
Фу Я.-И. – Индианский ун-т – Ун-т Пердью в Индианаполисе (США, Индианаполис), д-р философии (PhD), доц.

Редакционная коллегия: 
Бутова Т.Г. – Сибирский федеральный ун-т (РФ, Красноярск), д.э.н., проф.
Бушуева И.В. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и сервиса 
(РФ, Москва), д.э.н., проф.
Василенко В.А. – Крымский федеральный университет 
имени В.И. Вернадского (РФ, Симферополь), д.э.н., проф.
Дышловой И.Н. – Крымский федеральный университет 
имени В.И. Вернадского (РФ, Симферополь), д.э.н., проф.
Кирилина В.М. – Петрозаводский гос. университет (РФ, 
Петрозаводск), к.б.н., доц.
Климова Т.Б. – Белгородский государственный нац.
исследовательский ун-т (РФ, Белгород), к.э.н., доцент
Кропинова Е.Г. – Балтийский федеральный ун-т им. 
И. Канта (РФ, Калининград), д.э.н., доц.
Морозов М.А. – Российский экономический ун-т им.
Г.В. Плеханова (РФ, Москва), д.э.н., проф.
Морозова Н.С.
–
Российский новый университет 

(РФ, Москва), д.э.н., доц.
Оборин М.С. – Российский экономический ун-т им. Г.В.
Плеханова, Пермский филиал (РФ, Пермь), д.э.н., проф.
Трухачев А.В. – Ставропольский гос. аграрный ун-т 
(РФ, Ставрополь), д.э.н., проф.
Харитонова Т.В. – Финансовый ун-т при Правительстве 
Российской Федерации (РФ, Москва), к.э.н., доц.
Якименко М.В. – Южный федеральный ун-т (РФ, 
Ростов-на-Дону), к.э.н. доц.

Ответственный секретарь:
Афанасьева А.В. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и 
сервиса (РФ, Москва), к.геогр.н., доц.

EDITORS

Editor-in-Chief:
Oleg E. Afanasiev – Russian State University of Tourism
and Service (RF, Moscow), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Geography, 
Professor, Laureate of the Education State Prize of Ukraine

Editorial Council:
Natalia G. Novikova – Russian State University of Tourism 
and Service (RF, Moscow), First Vice Rector, PhD (Dr.Sc.) 
in Economics, Prof.; Chairman of Ed. Council
Tatiana N. Ananyeva – Russian State University of Tourism 
and Service (RF, Moscow), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Sociology, Prof.
Alexander V. Gladkey – Kyiv National University of Trade and
Economics (Ukraine, Kyiv), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Geography, Prof.
Alexandru-M. Nedelea – Stefan cel Mare University of 
Suceava (Romania, Suceava), PhD in Marketing, Assoc. Prof.
Thiago D. Pimentel – Federal University of Juiz de Fora 
(Brazil, Juiz de For a), PhD in Social Sciences, Assoc. Prof.
Elena S. Pogrebova – Russian State University of Tourism 
and Service (RF, Moscow), PhD in Economics, Assoc. Prof.
Juan I. Pulido-Fernandez – University of Jaen (Spain, Jaen),
PhD in Economics, Assoc. Prof.
Yao-Yi Fu – Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (USA, Indianapolis), PhD in HRIM, Assoc. Prof.

Editorial Board:
Tatiana G. Butova – Siberian Federal University (RF, Krasnoyarsk), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Irina V. Bushueva – Russian State University of Tourism 
and Service (RF, Moscow), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Valentin A. Vasilenko – V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal
University (RF, Simferopol), PhD (Dr. Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Igor N. Dyshlovoj – V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal
University (RF, Simferopol), PhD (Dr. Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Valentina M. Kirilina – Petrozavodsk State University (RF, 
Petrozavodsk), PhD in Biology, Assoc. Prof.
Tatiana B. Klimova – Belgorod State National Research 
University (RF, Belgorod), PhD in Economics, Assoc. Prof.
Elena G. Kropinova – Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal 
University (RF, Kaliningrad), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Mikhail A. Morozov – Plekhanov University of Economics
(RF, Moscow), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Natalia S. Morozova – Russian New University (RF, Moscow), 
PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Matvey S. Oborin – Perm Institute of Plekhanov University of 
Economics (RF, Perm), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Aleksandr V. Trukhachev – Stavropol State Agrarian 
University (RF, Stavropol), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Tatiana V. Kharitonova – Financial University (RF, Moscow),
PhD in Economics, Assoc. Prof.
Marianna V. Yakimenko – Southern Federal University (RF, 
Rostov-on-Don), PhD in Economics, Assoc. Prof.

Executive Secretary:
Alexandra V. Afanasieva – Russian State University of Tourism
and Service (RF, Moscow), PhD in Geography, Assoc. Prof.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭКОНОМИКИ И ТУРИСТСКОГО СЕРВИСА

Мишулина С.И. Модель циркулярной экономики туризма
Орлов С.П. Эволюция научных представлений о территориальной организации 
туристско-рекреационной деятельности в трудах отечественных исследователей
Суслова Ю.Ю., Терещенко Н.Н., Веремеенко О.С., Волошин А.В. Сервис в торговле: 
теоретико-методологический подход

АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА В СФЕРЕ УСЛУГ 
.

Мирошниченко П.Н., Игошева М.А., Болотбиева Р.Х. Туристское образование 
в контексте глобализации (по материалам зарубежных источников)
Фролова Е.А. Факторы развития российского рынка гостиничных услуг 
в условиях внешнеполитических ограничений

АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО, МУНИЦИПАЛЬНОГО 
И КОРПОРАТИВНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В СФЕРЕ УСЛУГ                                                                .

Гварлиани Т.Е., Ветитнев А.М. К вопросу о повышении эффективности 
санаторно-курортных услуг
Дорофеев А.А., Паршикова М.И. К дискуссии о количестве экотуристов в России
Сарченко В.И., Хиревич С.А., Категорская Т.П. Развитие сферы услуг 
как фактор обеспечения устойчивого развития урбанизированных территорий

МАРКЕТИНГ УСЛУГ И ТЕРРИТОРИЙ                                                                                               .

Грачева Е.В. Анализ сектора промышленного туризма в рамках использования 
кластерного подхода к развитию регионов Российской Федерации 
(на примере туристско-рекреационного кластера «Тульский»)
Иволга А.Г., Лисова О.М., Павленко И.Г. Внутренний туризм и туристские ресурсы 
Ставропольского края: потенциал, ключевые сегменты, перспективные страты
Оборин М.С. Особенности развития лечебно-оздоровительного туризма 
и санаторно-курортного комплекса Приволжского федерального округа
Сизенева Л.А. Водно-моторный туризм в г. Волгограде: сущность, особенности 
и актуальные проблемы развития

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ОТРАСЛЕЙ, КОМПЛЕКСОВ, 
ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ СФЕРЫ УСЛУГ                                                                        .

Балабейкина О.А., Султаева Н.Л., Янковская А.А. Услуга питания в системе 
функционирования дестинаций туризма религиозной направленности
Бронникова Е.М., Виноградова М.В., Кулямина О.С. Оценка уровня удовлетворённости населения условиями для занятий физической культурой и спортом
Беляковский Б.Ю., Никольская Е.Ю., Успенская М.Е., Крамарова Т.Ю. Дизайн 
функциональных зон в туристских комплексах: базовые принципы и тренды
Кепа Ю.Н., Чурилина И.Н., Галкин Д.В. Инновационные подходы в дизайне 
гостиничных предприятий (на примере «сервисного ландшафта» 
пространства лобби)
Лесников А.И., Котова Т.П. Современная модель бизнес-экосистемы 
в условиях придорожной инфраструктуры региона
Сарченко В.И., Категорская Т.П. Методические подходы к оценке качества 
сервисных услуг в сфере высшего образования

5

5

19

35

47

47

54

64

64
77

91

103

103

118

131

140

152

152

163

175

189

202

214

Т. 17, No 7 (109)

2023

В РОССИИ
И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ
СЕРВИС

CONTENT

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF ECONOMICS AND TOURIST SERVICE

Mishulina S. I. Circular tourism concept model
Arlou S. P. The evolution of scientific ideas about the territorial organization 
of tourism and recreational activities in the works of domestic researchers
Suslova Yu. Yu., Tereshchenko N. N., Veremeenko O. S., Voloshin A. V. Service in trade: 
theoretical and methodological approach

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN SERVICES SECTOR: CURRENT ISSUES
.

Miroshnichenko P. N., Igosheva M. A., Bolotbieva R. H. Tourism education 
in globalization (based on foreign sources)
Frolova E. A. Drivers of the hotel services Russian market 
under the foreign policy restrictions

STATE, MUNICIPAL AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
IN SERVICES SECTOR: CURRENT ISSUES                   

Gvarliani T. E., Vetitnev A. M. On improving the efficiency of sanatorium services
Dorofeev A. A., Parshikova M. I. On the number of ecotourists in Russia
Sarchenko V. I., Khirevich S. A., Kategorskaya T. P. Service sector in ensuring 
sustainable development of urbanized territories

MARKETING OF SERVICES AND TERRITORIES                    

Gracheva E. V. An analysis of industrial tourism through cluster approach to developing
the Russian regions (the case of the tourist and recreational cluster "Tulsky")
Ivolga A. G., Lisova O. M., Pavlenko I. G. Domestic tourism and tourist resources 
of the Stavropol Krai: potential, key segments, and prospective niches
Oborin M. S. Development features of medical and health tourism 
and sanatorium complex of the Volga Federal District
Sizeneva L. A. Water-motor tourism in Volgograd: The essence, features 
and current development problems

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF DEVELOPING INDUSTRIES, COMPLEXES,
BUSINESSES AND ORGANIZATIONS OF SERVICES SECTOR                  

Balabeikina O. A., Sultaeva N. L., Yankovskaya A. A. Catering service 
in the religious tourism facility system
Bronnikova E. M., Vinogradova M. V., Kulyamina O. S. Assessing the people’s 
satisfaction with the conditions for physical culture and sports
Belyakovsky B. Yu., Nikolskaya E. Yu., Uspenskaya M. E., Kramarova T. Yu. Designing 
functional zones in tourist complexes: The basic principles and trends
Kepa Yu. N., Churilina I. N., Galkin D. V. Innovative approaches in the designing hotels: 
The case of service landscape of lobbies
Lesnikov A. I., Kotova T. P. The modern business ecosystem model
in roadside infrastructure of the region
Sarchenko V. I., Kategorskaya T. P. Methodological approaches to assessing 
the quality of services in higher education

5

5

19

35

47

47

54

64

64
77

91

103

103

118

131

140

152

152

163

175

189

202

214

INTERPRETER: Alexandra V. Afanasieva, PhD in Geography, Assoc. Prof.
The cover photo: © Mira Kemppainen, 2017, & unsplash.com, 2023

Vol. 17. Iss. 7 (109)
2023

IN  RUSSIA
AND ABROAD
SERVICES

НАУЧНЫЙ
ЖУРНАЛ

СЕТЕВОЙ

Mishulina S. I. 
Circular tourism concept model

UDC 338.48-6:502/504
EDN: BJGBUT

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10560894

Svetlana I. MISHULINA

Federal Research Center the Subtropical Scientific Center

of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Sochi, Krasnodar Territory, Russia)

PhD in Economics; e-mail: MISHulSV@yandex.ru

CIRCULAR TOURISM CONCEPT MODEL

Abstract. The research is aimed at developing a concept model for the circular economy in tourism based on the analysis of domestic and foreign studies on the circular economy principles' 
adoption issues and existing practices for their implementation in business processes of tourist 
sector participants. The proposed model is a systematic approach to circular tourism (CT) treated 
as an organic part of nature ecosystem and a structural element of regional and national circular 
economy. The nature-like, closed-loop, circular relationships between the system elements are 
ensured by long-term circular chains of the tourist product creation, where every participant is 
considered (in addition to its main function in the chain) as a producer of value-based multidimensional benefits. The main principle of intra-sectoral and inter-sectoral interaction is to increase the socio-ecological and economic value of initial inputs throughout the entire life cycle 
of complex tourist product through the introduction of eco-innovations and business models that 
meet the principles of circular framework and ensure diversification and multiple effective application as initial resources and manufactured products, minimizing all forms and types of unproductive waste. The condition for the system setup and effective functioning is the presence of 
developed circular infrastructure, institutions, and management. The scientific novelty and practical significance of the study are determined by the initial stage of circular tourism concept creation and consists in the development of circular tourism concept model, which is necessary to 
understand the functioning principles of the circular economy in tourism, the formation of circular strategies at all levels, the identification of triggers and barriers throughout the entire chain 
of the tourist product creation and consumption, determining the mechanisms for building closed 
intra-sectoral and inter-sectoral chains both at the cluster level and at the destinations level.

Keywords: tourism, closed-loop economy, circular economy in tourism, circular tourism concept 
model

Acknowledgments: The study was funded by the state assignment research of FRC SSC RAS 
FGRW-2022-0001, project No. 122041900105-5

Citation: Mishulina, S. I. (2023). Circular tourism concept model. Servis v Rossii i za rubezhom [Services in 
Russia and Abroad], 17(7), 5–18. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.10560894. 

Article History
Received 22 September 2023
Accepted 20 December 2023

Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest 
was reported by the author(s).

© 2023 the Author(s) 
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0). 
To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ  АСПЕКТЫ 
ЭКОНОМИКИ  И  ТУРИСТСКОГО  СЕРВИСА
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF ECONOMICS AND TOURIST SERVICE

В РОССИИ

И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ
СЕРВИС

Т. 17, No. 7 (109)

2023

УДК 338.48-6:502/504    
EDN: BJGBUT

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10560894

МИШУЛИНА Светлана Ивановна

Федеральный исследовательский центр «Субтропический научный центр

Российской академии наук» (Сочи, Краснодарский край, РФ)
кандидат экономических наук; e-mail: MISHulSV@yandex.ru

МОДЕЛЬ ЦИРКУЛЯРНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ ТУРИЗМА

Цель работы – разработка концепт-модели циркулярной экономики туризма на основе 
анализа отечественных и зарубежных исследований проблем внедрения принципов циркулярной экономики и существующих практик их реализации в бизнес–процессах субъектов туристского сектора экономики. Предлагаемая модель представляет собой системный подход к пониманию циркулярного туризма (ЦТ) как органичной части природной экосистемы и структурного элемента региональной и национальной циркулярной 
экономики. Природоподобный, замкнутый, циркулярный характер взаимосвязей между 
элементами системы обеспечивается выстраиванием на долгосрочной основе круговых цепочек создания туристского продукта, в которых каждый участник рассматривается (помимо основной его функции в цепочке) как производитель совокупности многомерных выгод, каждая из которых обладает ценностью. Основным принципом 
внутри секторального и меж секторального взаимодействия является наращивание 
социо-эколого-экономической ценности исходных факторов производства в течение 
всего жизненного цикла комплексного туристского продукта за счёт внедрения экоинноваций и бизнес-моделей, отвечающих принципам циркулярного фреймворка и обеспечивающих диверсификацию и многократное эффективное использование как исходных 
ресурсов, так и произведённых продуктов, минимизацию всех форм и видов непродуктивных отходов. Условием формирования и эффективного функционирования системы 
является наличие развитых циркулярных инфраструктуры, институтов и управления. 
Научная новизна и практическая значимость исследования определяются начальной 
стадией формирования концепции циркулярного туризма и состоит в разработке концепт-модели циркулярного туризма, необходимой для понимания принципов функционирования экономики замкнутого цикла в туризме, формирования циркулярных стратегий всех уровней, выявления триггеров и барьеров по всей цепочке создания и потребления туристского продукта, определения механизмов построения замкнутых внутри 
секторальных и меж секторальных цепочек как на уровне кластеров, так и на уровне 
дестинаций.

Ключевые слова: туризм, экономика замкнутого цикла, циркулярная экономика туризма, концепт-модель циркулярного туризма

Публикация подготовлена в рамках реализации государственного задания ФИЦ СНЦ РАН 
FGRW-2022-0001, № госрегистрации 122041900105-5.

Для цитирования: Мишулина С.И. Модель циркулярной экономики туризма // Сервис в России и за 
рубежом. 2023. Т.17. №7. С. 5–18. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10560894.

Дата поступления в редакцию: 22 сентября 2023 г.
Дата утверждения в печать: 20 декабря 2023 г.

НАУЧНЫЙ
ЖУРНАЛ

СЕТЕВОЙ

Mishulina S. I. 
Circular tourism concept model

Introduction

Environmental issues aggravation mani
fested in a significant decrease in the quality of 
natural environment, pollution and degradation 
of almost all ecosystems elements and, as a result, 
an increase in the risks of environmentally caused 
threats to human health and life, loss of biodiversity and depletion of economic development resource base, climate change that lead to the 
growth of dangerous natural phenomena and 
processes, the need to adapt to fundamentally 
different living conditions determined the relevance of abandoning the traditional economy 
model and searching for a new development paradigm that ensures harmonization of relations between humans and natural environment. 

Despite the growing attention to environ
mental issues, the effectiveness of measures 
taken to solve them remains low, which is explained by a number of reasons:

• CE principles are not integrated into politi
cal decisions, legislation, tax system and 
population consciousness [14];

• sustainable development goals (UN SDGs) 

are poorly integrated into regional and municipal socio-economic development strategies [4];

• projects for the transition to the green econ
omy principles implemented in the regions 
are limited and not coordinated [5, p. 1114];

• environmental issues are reviewed apart 

from production and consumption processes, as a result, there is no response to 
the causes as only the consequences are 
eliminated;

• linear logic of interaction between economy 

and natural environment is preserved both 
in production and consumption processes 

1 Росприроднадзор: в России за 2021 год накопилось 8,5 млрд тонн отходов [Rospripodnadzor: during 2021 about 8.5 

bln tons of waste accumulated in Russia] // РИА Новости [RIA News], 18.07.2022. URL: https://ria.ru/20220718/otkhody1803287582.html

2 Краснодарский край в цифрах. 2020 [Krasnodar Territory in numberes. 2020]: Statistics digest. Krasnodar: Krasnodarstat,

2021. 274 p.

3 Чистый город-курорт. Сочи приближается к европейским технологиям переработки ТКО [Clean resort city. Sochi ap
proaches
European
technologies
on
SMW
recycling]. March
18, 2020. URL: https://www.kuban.kp.ru/daily/

27106.4/4180321

4 National and foreign publications on the circular economy issues have a wide range of terms used to denote it (circular 

and in management systems: resources → 
manfacture → distribution → consumption 
→ waste;

• excessive consumption coupled with low ef
ficiency of resource use leads to the depletion of the economy resource base, accompanied by a cascade of waste and pollution 
that destroy the natural ecosystems of the 
planet.
According to the Rosprirodnadzor, 53 billion 

tons of industrial and domestic waste were accumulated in the regions of Russia by the end of 
2021. 8.5 billion tons were produced within 2021. 
Of these, 4-5% were processed and 75% went to 
landfill1. According to 2019 estimates, the total 
area landfills in the Russian Federation amounted 
to 4 million hectares [6], which exceeds the area 
of 65 countries. Comparative analysis of production and consumption wastes generation dynamics, recycling and neutralization and the GDP dynamics in the Russian Federation for 2010-2018 indicates absence of the decoupling effect and the 
accelerated growth of waste [3]. 

In the Krasnodar Territory, a tourist region, 

the cost of waste management has increased 
from 6410.5 million rubles in 2015 to 10310.0 million rubles in 20202 . In the resort city of Sochi, 600 
million tons of waste are taken to the landfill in 
Belorechensk during off-season, and in summer 
the waste volumes double, reaching 1200 million 
tons, 3that reflects the role of tourism in waste accumulation.

Immediacy of the problem determines the 

need for a transition to an alternative linear and 
nature-like model of the closed-loop economy 
(hereinafter referred to as the Circular economy, 
CE)4, in which, ideally, the waste of some manufacturing facilities serve as resources for others, 

В РОССИИ

И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ
СЕРВИС

Т. 17, No. 7 (109)

2023

thus reducing the volumes of resources withdrawn from natural environment and the volume 
of production and consumption wastes going to 
ecosystems.

The significance of the travel industry direct 

and induced impact on the economy, the role assigned to tourism in the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian 
Federation and the proven scale of negative environmental and social externalities of its functioning determine the relevance of developing an innovative environmentally and socially oriented 
model of its development, the search for which 
led to the formation and development concepts 
of sustainable tourism, ecotourism, green tourism 
and circular tourism.

The factors that determine the relevance of 

the circular economy concept development and 
implementation in tourism include:

• the scale of its influence on natural environ
ment and climate change [9, p. 2-3 of 35]. 
Tourism is currently responsible for 4.5 Gt 
of CO2-e per year5. Calculations show that 
the carbon multiplier in tourism is higher 
than in global manufacture [12]. The average carbon footprint of a tourist in Barcelona, for example, is 111.6 kg of CO2-e per 
day, which is much higher than for a local 
resident – 5.8 kg of CO2-e [19, p.2 of 16]. 
Travel industry recovery pace after the 
downturn caused by COVID-19, the expansion of domestic tourism geography and 
scale give no grounds for optimistic expectations on reductions in the tourism negative impact on natural environment. Tourism emissions are forecasted to grow by at 
least 25% by 2030 compared to 20165;

• aggravation of resource constraints: the 

joint UNEP/WTO report on green economy 
forecasts an increase in energy consump
economy, closed-loop economy, circled, regenerative, cyclical, etc.). We should agree with S.N. Bobylev that the essence 
of the new paradigm is more consistent with the term “closed-loop economy” [3] but shortened “circular economy” is used 
more often. Both terms are synonyms in the current study.

5 Draft document for the Nineth Ministers Conference "Environment for Europe": Applying circular economy principles to 

sustainable tourism 05.10.21. URL: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/headlines/economy/20151201STO05603/
circular-economy-definition-importance-and-benefits (Accessed on October 01, 2022).

tion in tourism by 154%, water – by 152%, 
an increase in greenhouse gas emissions by 
131% and municipal solid waste disposal by 
251% by 2050 while maintaining the linear 
development model [18]; 

• a high level of resources irrational consump
tion and waste production, determined 
both by the hedonistic perception of travel –
unwillingness to abandon the usual consumption levels, and low efficiency of technologies for a tourist product production. 
For example, tourism, competing in the use 
of water resources with agriculture and a 
number of other industries, makes a serious 
contribution to the aggravation of water 
supply issue, especially in regions experiencing water shortages. Water consumption, according to some sources, can vary 
from 80 to 2000 l/day per tourist [15, p. 14]. 
Food losses in the hospitality industry 
amount to approximately $100 million annually [7]. Coastal tourism is recognized as 
one of the three main sources of marine litter and threats to the ecological well-being 
of water facilities; 

• environmental transformation of tourists 

needs and behavior patterns [16; 17]: 
growth in demand for all types of nature 
tourism, including eco-tourism in specially 
protected natural areas (SPNA); increased 
attention to the environmental friendliness 
of the tourist product and healthy lifestyle 
issues; the formation of demand among 
tourists to acquire new experience of participating in circular practices [22]; 

• aggravation of social problems in the host 

community because of disproportionate increase in the pressure on biodiversity, natural, historical, and cultural heritage, public 
spaces, 
and 
the 
resource 
base 
of 

НАУЧНЫЙ
ЖУРНАЛ

СЕТЕВОЙ

Mishulina S. I. 
Circular tourism concept model

destinations. Transforming places for living 
into places for consumption [11].
In circumstances when tourism is becoming 

an industry of economic specialization in 74 regions of Russia6, there are activities to form and 
implement strategies for domestic tourism development, the issues of environmentally safe and 
effective tourism potential development under 
the principles of circular economy are of particular relevance. The way these issues are reflected 
in the adopted strategies and linked with other aspects of regional socio-economic development 
determines the possibility to achieve sustainable 
development goals (SD) of regions and the competitiveness of regional and national tourism 
products in the long term. 

Forming development strategies under the 

circular economy principles implies deep understanding of the region's circular economy functioning logics and the tourism place in circular 
chains increasing the gross regional product 
value, which determines the importance for developing the circular tourism theory and practice.

The research is aimed at developing a con
ceptual model of circular tourism based on a 
closed-loop economy concept analysis and its applicability in tourism as a tool for environmental 
modernization of a tourist product production 
and consumption processes and ensuring the sustainable development of domestic tourism and 
regions that enlarge tourism specialization.

Data and methodology

The research theoretical background in
cludes national and foreign scientific papers on 
the issues of closed-loop economy (circular economy) concept development and its application in 
tourism. The research data background is composed of analytical and statistical reports of international tourist and nature protection institutions, governmental and nongovernmental entities, including the analysis of tourist market entities activities in implementing the circular economy principles. Standard methods of scientific 

6 The Russian Federation spatial development strategy for the period till 2025 defines tourism as an industry of economic 

specialization for 74 of 85 RF regions (as of June 25, 2022). URL: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/552378463

analysis and synthesis, statistical and comparative 
analysis, methods for identifying cause-and-effect 
relationships, as well as content analysis of scientometric databases were applied during the research. 

A systematic approach to circular tourism 

treated as an organic part of nature ecosystem 
and a structural element of regional and national 
circular economy was used for structuring the 
model. The tourist sector of regional economy 
was divided into four basic elements, each representing a set of market entities – participants in 
the process of a complex tourism product production and consumption: 

• suppliers – participants in the chain of a 

tourist product creation, who are external 
to the tourist sector manufactures of goods 
and services that form an integral part of 
the final tourist product (enterprises in such 
sectors of regional economy as construction, transport, agriculture, furniture and 
textile industries, financial and IT sectors 
and many others insofar as they are involved in the process of creating the final 
tourist product value (including National 
parks, reservations and other specially protected areas; forest and water facilities with 
tourist attractiveness);

• production – a set of companies engaged in 

the production and provision of tourist services and products, including such key sectors as tour operator activities, aggregators, 
accommodation, catering, organization of 
leisure and entertainment, health and SPA 
centers, tourist transport;

• consumption – a set of tourist’s activities, 

including the processes of selection, arrangement and consumption of tourist 
products and services and, due to the characteristics of a tourist product production 
and consumption processes, coinciding with 
production processes in space and time, 
and, therefore, requiring the inclusion of a 

В РОССИИ

И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ
СЕРВИС

Т. 17, No. 7 (109)

2023

consumer (tourist)) into circular processes 
implemented both within tourist companies 
and throughout the entire value chain of the 
tourist product; 

• circular infrastructure (CI) is an element of 

the CT system that unites not only the traditional set of energy and engineering infrastructure facilities, including enterprises for 
waste collecting, sorting and processing, 
but also a network of companies that ensure reverse flow of resources, products 
and materials for the purpose of technical 
maintenance, repair, reuse, reconstruction, 
remanufacturing, recycling, regeneration of 
natural systems. 
The nature-like, closed-loop, circular rela
tionships between the system elements are ensured by long-term circular chains of value creation, where every participant is considered (in addition to its main function in the chain) as a producer7 of marketable multidimensional benefits 
with value. 

The main principle of intra-sectoral and in
ter-sectoral interaction is to increase the socioecological and economic value of initial inputs 
throughout the entire life cycle of complex tourist 
product (LCTP) through the introduction of ecoinnovations and circular business models (CBM) 
that meet the principles of circular framework 
and ensure diversification and multiple effective 
application as initial resources and manufactured 
products, minimizing all forms and types of unproductive waste.

Theory

Despite the place of tourism in the global 

economy, its role in aggravating environmental, 
economic, and social problems and recognition as 
a trigger for transformations of the global economic system (due to the multiplier effect it generates) at the official international level, unfortunately there is no adequate reflection a circular 
economy concept development in tourism research [21].

7 A responsible manufacturer in this context is understood as a manufacturer who builds its internal activities and relation
ships with partners under the circular economy principles.

Studies to determine the essence of CE in 

tourism, adapt the concept to the production and 
consumption features of tourist product, and the 
applicability of the CE principles in the practical 
activities of enterprises in the tourism are extremely limited. This is evidenced by the content 
analysis of the WoS and Scopus databases performed by Vargas-Sánchez A. [24] using the keywords “circular economy" and "tourism”, “tourism circular economy”, “circular tourism”, and the
content analysis of the RSCI scientometric database conducted by the author of the current research. For the query “circular economy + tourism” (in title, abstract, keywords and full text) as 
of 20.10.22, the system returned “0” results. The 
query “Circular economy in tourism” returned 
470 publications, further analysis of which allowed to select only 7 that are not directly related 
to circular tourism but mention it in the course of 
analyzing sustainable tourism development issues.

A surge of interest in the CT concept was ob
served within the period from 2016 to 2019. However, studies of scientometric databases indicate 
that there are much less articles in English on CT 
published between 2009 and 2020 than publications on CE [21].

According to researchers, circular tourism 

development issues have not yet been adequately 
reflected in the documents of international organizations: they are not mentioned in reporting, 
for example, in the WTO report “Hotels 2020”, 
and are not included in strategic documents, such 
as the book “2050 – Tomorrow’s Tourism”, although the concept of SD is recognized as a key 
concept for the future [24, p. 5]. 

At the same time, there are international 

and national organizations that are actively promoting the idea of introducing the CE principles in 
tourism. The CEnTOUR project, the goal of which 
is to support SMEs in the transition to circular 
business, is implemented within the framework of 
the EU Program for improving the competi