Английский язык в профессиональной сфере

МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 
РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 
РОСТОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ 
УНИВЕРСИТЕТ (РИНХ) 
 
 
 
 
 
Е.В. Казанская, Р.И. Бачиева, Л.В. Олифиренко 
 
 
 
 
 
 
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК  
В ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЕ 
 
 
 
Учебное пособие  
по направлению подготовки «Организация работы с молодежью» 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ростов-на-Дону 
Издательско-полиграфический комплекс РГЭУ (РИНХ) 
2021 

УДК 811.111 (075) 
ББК 81.43англ 
     К 14 
 
Казанская, Е.В. 
К 14 Английский язык в профессиональной сфере : учеб. пособие по 
направлению подготовки «Организация работы с молодежью» / 
Е.В. Казанская, Р.И. Бачиева, Л.В. Олифиренко. – Ростов-на-Дону : 
Издательско-полиграфический комплекс РГЭУ (РИНХ), 2021. – 56 с. 
 
ISBN 978-5-7972-2891-2 
 
 
Учебное пособие составлено на основе учебной программы курса 
английского языка для ступени бакалавриата по направлению подготовки 
«Организация работы с молодежью». Цель пособия – создание стабильных 
знаний, 
развитие 
навыков 
чтения 
и 
перевода 
профессиональноориентированных текстов, а также совершенствование всех видов речевой 
деятельности. 
Рекомендуется для студентов бакалавриата, изучающих английский язык, по 
направлению подготовки «Организация работы с молодежью». 
 
 
УДК 811.111 (075) 
ББК 81.43англ 
 
Рецензенты: 
к.филол.н., доцент кафедры «Научно-технический перевод и профессиональная 
коммуникация» ДГТУ Е.С. Руденко 
к.филол.н., доцент кафедры иностранных языков  
для экономических специальностей РГЭУ (РИНХ) Ю.А. Петрова 
 
Авторский коллектив: 
к.ф.н., доцент Е.В. Казанская, 
к.ф.н., доцент Р.И. Бачиева, 
ст. преп. Л.В. Олифиренко 
 
 
Утверждено в качестве учебного пособия учебно-методическим советом РГЭУ (РИНХ) 
 
 
ISBN 978-5-7972-2891-2 
© Ростовский государственный экономический  
 
университет (РИНХ), 2021 
 
© Казанская Е.В., Бачиева Р.И.,  
 
Олифиренко Л.В., 2021 
 
 

CONTENTS 
 
Unit 1. MODERN SOCIETY ................................................................... 4 
Text 1 ......................................................................................................... 5 
Text 2 ......................................................................................................... 8 
 
Unit 2. THE THINGS THAT HAVE CHANGED  
THE LIFE OF SOCIETY .......................................................................... 12 
Text 1 ......................................................................................................... 13 
Text 2 ......................................................................................................... 15 
 
Unit 3. MEDIA AND SOCIETY .............................................................. 20 
Text 1 ......................................................................................................... 20 
Text 2 ......................................................................................................... 26 
 
Unit 4. FORMS OF DEPENDENCE ........................................................ 32 
Text 1 ......................................................................................................... 33 
 
Unit 5. CRIME AND PUNISHMENT ..................................................... 38 
Text 1 ......................................................................................................... 39 
 
Unit 6. SUPERSTITIONS AND PATTERNS  
OF BEHAVIOUR ACROSS CULTURES ............................................... 43  
Text 1 ......................................................................................................... 44 
Text 2 ......................................................................................................... 48 
 
Table of irregular verbs ............................................................................. 53 
References ................................................................................................. 55 
 
 
 

Unit I 
MODERN SOCIETY 
Pre-reading questions:  
1. Why are our lives so full of stress?  
2. What are the causes of our stress to your mind?  
3. Do you suffer from stress?  
 
Most sociologists agree that today people live in a tension-charged, 
fast-paced society that is full of demands and expectations, causing the 
stress level to rise considerably. Some researchers attribute the high societal 
demands to an over emphasis on the materialism, which in turn, leads to a 
highly competitive society where everyone tries to outdo one another. 
Hans Selye, a pioneer in stress research, has defined stress as "the 
nonspecific response of the body to any demands made upon it" is an internal 
state or reaction to which humans consciously or unconsciously perceive as a 
threat, either real or imagined. Stress can produce feelings of frustration, fear, 
conflict, pressure, anger, sadness, inadequacy, guilt, loneliness, or confusion. 
Individuals feel stressed when they are fired or lose a loved one (negative stress) 
as well as when they are promoted or go on a vacation (positive stress).  
One of the most typical examples of a negative stress is cri- sis. During 
periods of economic crises, the stress level typically rises sharply. 
Unbalanced economy is a significant source of stress: a lot of people report 
stress-related physical and emotional symptoms such as stress-related 
fatigue, feelings of irritability or anger, and lying awake at night.  
Most of the stress in modern society is distressful but stress may also 
have positive effect. Getting a job, getting married, etc. have a stimulating 
effect which results in personal growth.  
As we can see, stress is found in all aspects of life, so it isn't always 
bad. In small doses, it can help a person perform under pressure and 
motivate to achieve best results. But when an individual is constantly 
running in emergency mode, his or her mind and body pay the price.  
Every human is programmed to recognize stress, and respond with 'fight 
or flight'. But does that really do any harm? Psychologists say that prolonged 

severe stress has a negative impact on health. It is implicated in everything from 
high blood pressure to infertility. That means that stress must be managed.  
There are various stress management techniques which proved to have 
a positive effect on reducing stress: changes in diet, levels of exercise, etc., 
but people should take advice of suitably qualified health professionals if 
they have any concerns over stress-related illnesses or if stress is causing 
significant or persistent unhappiness.  
 
Text 1 
Pre-reading questions:  
1. What brings an economic crisis in the country?  
2. What world economic crises in the economics do you know?  
3. Is that possible to live in the economic stability all the time? Why?  
 
SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF ECONOMIC CRISES 
The economic crises weigh heavily upon the human minds. They have 
a profound impact on all the society. As emerging economies have become 
more integrated with the world economy- through trade, migration, and 
investments-they have also become more exposed to radical changes in 
advanced economies. So, we can say that the majority of economic crises of 
the modern world would be worldwide.  
In the period of economic downturn hundreds of banks and financial 
institutions run out of money, ATM machines, electronic commerce, and 
commercial institutions shut down across the nations. Unemployment skyrockets 
due to the lack of new credit, inflation rages, and stock markets collapse. The 
standard of living is falling and the cost of living is increasing significantly.  
People grow anxious as they experience no cash on hand: either they 
got unemployed or their credit cards don't work. Those who do have cash 
rush to empty the shelves at their local grocery stores. People get confused 
and scared, social unrest and general panic set in. Lay off hands is often 
accompanied by increases in alcoholism, cardiovascular ailments, and 
admissions to mental institutions. Thus the unemployment rate is a 
barometer of social ills. Massive unemployment also plays a crucial role in 

political instability. The majority of the unemployed are usually young and 
restless and they protest against the existing state of affairs. Social hysteria 
grows into social chaos, looting, and roving gangs terrorize the masses.  
Another response, of society to high unemployment, though extreme 
and relatively rare response, is suicide. Feelings of personal failure and 
psychological devastation precipitate suicide. Studies reveal a ten percent 
jump in the suicide rate in the periods of economic downturns.  
The exposure and impact of the economic meltdown varies across 
regions, countries, and sectors, but it is apparent that any crisis that started 
as an economic crisis turns into a human development crisis after all. 
Moreover, analysis of past recessions indicates that in tough times women, 
children and the poorest segments of society are most susceptible to the 
consequences of economic collapse. Studies reveal that during economic 
downturns in developing countries infant five times higher than in periods 
of economic stability. Children who are unable to access a nutritious diet in 
the crisis will bear the consequences for the rest of their lives.  
The world community is working together on research the ways for economic 
recovery, innovations that improve lives, create jobs, and bolster economy. They 
monitor the situation and help mitigate the crisis, design social protection measures, 
generate employment programmes, and develop security initiatives.  
 
TASK 1  
Translate into Russian the following words and expressions from the text:  
roving gangs 
to be susceptible  
to precipitate suicide  
admission to mental institutions  
the economic meltdown 
to grow anxious  
to bolster economy  
to mitigate the crisis  
social ills  
ailments