Деловой иностранный язык. Направление "Экономика"

МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ  
РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 
РОСТОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ  
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ (РИНХ) 
 
 
 
 
В. Б. Черемина, И. Ф. Кисель  
 
 
 
 
 
ДЕЛОВОЙ ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК. 
 НАПРАВЛЕНИЕ «ЭКОНОМИКА» 
 
 
Учебное пособие 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ростов-на-Дону 
Издательско-полиграфический комплекс РГЭУ (РИНХ) 
2020

УДК 811.111(075) 
ББК 81.2Англ 
Ч 46 
 
Черемина, В. Б. 
Ч 46  Деловой иностранный язык. Направление «Экономика» : учебное пособие 
[Электронный ресурс] / В. Б. Черемина, И. Ф. Кисель.  –  Ростов-на-Дону : 
Издательско-полиграфический комплекс Ростовского государственного 
экономического университета (РИНХ), 2020.  –  Электрон. сетевое изд.  –  
62 с.  –  Режим доступа : http://library.rsue.ru. 
 
 
ISBN 978-5-7972-2786-1 
 
Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по направлению «Экономика». В пособии широко представлен аутентичный материал, 
сопровождающийся упражнениями на различные виды речевой деятельности, а 
также грамматический материал, способствующий закреплению навыков профессионального общения на английском языке. Проверочные задания, включенные в учебное пособие, призваны оценить уровень и глубину усвоения 
пройденного материала. 
УДК 811.111(075) 
ББК 81.2Англ 
 
Рецензенты: 
Руденко Е. С., к.ф.н., доцент кафедры «Научно-технический перевод  
и профессиональная коммуникация» ДГТУ; 
Бачиева Р. И., к.ф.н., доцент кафедры иностранных языков  
для экономических специальностей РГЭУ (РИНХ) 
 
 
Утверждено в качестве учебного пособия  
учебно-методическим советом РГЭУ (РИНХ) 
 
 
ISBN 978-5-7972-2786-1 
 
© Черемина В. Б., Кисель И. Ф., 2020 
© Ростовский 
государственный  
экономический университет (РИНХ), 
2020 

Оглавление 
 
Unit 1. What Is Economics ...................................................................................................... 4 
Vocabulary ............................................................................................................................ 4 
Reading ................................................................................................................................. 4 
A. WHAT IS ECONOMICS ............................................................................................. 4 
B. AN INEXACT SCIENCE ............................................................................................ 6 
Grammar. Conditionals (zero/first conditionals) .................................................................. 7 
Unit 2. Economic Systems ..................................................................................................... 10 
Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................... 10 
Reading ............................................................................................................................... 11 
A. THE BASIC KINDS OF ECONOMIC SYSTEMS ................................................... 11 
B. BUSINESS BOOKS ................................................................................................... 13 
Grammar. Conditionals (second/third conditionals) ........................................................... 15 
Unit 3. Laws of market economy ........................................................................................... 19 
Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................... 19 
Reading ............................................................................................................................... 19 
A. MARKET ECONOMIES ........................................................................................... 19 
B. DEMAND AND SUPPLY ......................................................................................... 23 
Grammar. Infinitive constructions (Complex object/subject) ............................................ 25 
Unit 4. Marketing ................................................................................................................... 30 
Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................... 30 
Reading ............................................................................................................................... 30 
A. MARKETING TODAY ............................................................................................. 30 
B. HOW MUCH? ............................................................................................................ 32 
Grammar. Direct speech/Inderect speech ........................................................................... 33 
Unit 5. New industry .............................................................................................................. 45 
Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................... 45 
Reading ............................................................................................................................... 46 
A. THE E-LANCE ECONOMY ..................................................................................... 46 
B. AMAZON – THE BIGGEST SUCCESS STORY IN E-COMMERCE .................... 49 
Grammar. Modal verbs ....................................................................................................... 51 
APPENDIX 1. How to make a good presentation ................................................................. 55 
APPENDIX 2. Writing abstracts ............................................................................................ 58 
APPENDIX 3. Writing summaries ........................................................................................ 60 
 
 

Unit 1.  
What Is Economics 
 
Vocabulary 
 
1. Complete the definition. 
 
Economy is     Economics is 
An economist is  
a) a person who…………………………..………… 
b) a science which………………………………….. 
c) a system of……………………….……………… 
 
2. Choose the correct word. 
 
1. I am a student of (economy, economics) now. 
2. At school I didn‟t study the (economy, economics) of Great Britain. 
3. I hope he‟ll make a good (economist, economy). 
4. There are many (economic, economical) problems in the world. 
5. This car is very (economic, economical). 
6. I try to spend money and time (economical, economically). 
 
3. Guess the meanings of these words. Which of them can be used as special economic terms? 
 
Principle, luxury, discipline, activity, service, human, to practice, stable, production, 
distribution, dynamics. 
 
Reading 
 
A. WHAT IS ECONOMICS 
 
1. Read the text and check your answers in the previous activity. 
 
WHAT IS ECONOMICS 
 
Let's face it: If there's one fundamental principle guiding life on earth, it's scarcity. There simply aren't enough beachfront houses, luxury cars, and seats at the theater for everyone who wants one! And on a more serious note, there's not enough food, 
clothing, and medical care for everyone who needs it. 

The entire discipline of economics and all economic activity arises from a 
scarcity of goods and services in comparison to human wants and needs. If there is 
not enough of something for everyone who wants or needs it, society faces a serious 
problem: it has to make decision about some basic economic questions. 
 
Throughout history there have always been people who obtained what they 
wanted or needed by force. The barbarians who sacked Rome practiced this form of 
“economic activity,” and in modern times it is practiced by armed robbers. But a society requires an orderly system of producing and distributing the necessities and 
luxuries of life. Such a system is essential to a stable society. Economics is the study 
of systems of production and distribution – which are called economies – and of 
their fundamentals, dynamics and results. 
 
Vocabulary 
by force 
силой 
society 
 
общество 
orderly system 
упорядоченная система 
 
2. Guess the words. 
 
1. 
Things that we cannot live without are called 
______________. 
2. 
Things which give us pleasure and joy are called 
______________. 
3. 
When people do not have enough of something they suffer from 
_____________________. 
4. 
Everything that is made in a society is called __________and -_________ 
5. 
______________is the process of making things. 
6. 
______________is the process of dividing things among people. 
 
3. Study these words and their negative forms and fill in the gaps in the sentences. Then make up your own sentences in which the negative forms are used. 
1. certain 
 
uncertain 
(определенный, уверенный) 
2. exact 
 
inexact 
(точный, безошибочный) 
3. predictable 
 
unpredictable 
(предсказуемый) 
 
4. precise 
 
imprecise 
(точный, четкий, определенный) 

1. You have to be very_______in this job, because a small mistake can make a big 
difference. 
2. Are you_______that you‟ll get there in time? 
3. We have done this experiment before. The results are rather _______. 
4. Our train leaves at 10 o‟clock_______. 
 
B. AN INEXACT SCIENCE 
 
1. Read the text and say why economics is inexact science. 
 
AN INEXACT SCIENCE 
 
Economics is the study, description, and analysis of the ways in which a society produces and distributes. In economics, the term goods and services refers to everything that is produced in the economy – all products and services, including government “services,” such as national defense and the prison system. 
 
Economics is one of the social (as opposed to natural or physical) sciences, as 
are psychology and anthropology. Social sciences examine and explain human interaction. Because of this, the findings and knowledge produced by a social science 
generally cannot be as exact or predictable as those of a physical science, such as 
physics or chemistry. 
 
For instance, if you put water in a saucepan on a stove, you know with certainty that it will boil when it reaches 212° Fahrenheit. But if you are the governor of a 
state and you raise the state sales tax, you cannot be certain about the effect it will 
have. And you won‟t be able to answer any of the following basic questions: How 
much money will the tax raise? In order to avoid the tax, will people take more of 
their business across the state line? Will they shop more often on the Internet, where 
there is no sales tax (yet)? Will companies in the state experience lower sales and 
generate lower corporate income taxes as a result? 
 
Economics deals with these kinds of questions, but it seldom comes up with 
totally precise explanations or correct predictions. 
 
Why? Because human behavior in the economic realm is as complex and mysterious as it is in any other sphere of life. 
 
 
Vocabulary 
government  
правительство  
prison  
тюрьма 
national defense 
 национальная безопасность 
interaction  
взаимодействие 

certainty 
определенность 
sales tax 
 
налог на продажи 
income tax  
налог на доходы 
behaviour 
 
поведение 
to avoid 
 
избегать 
to raise 
 
поднимать 
to experience 
 испытывать 
to deal with  
иметь дело с 
 
2. Find in the text 
 
1. Two parts of the state system; 
2. Two other social sciences; 
3. Two physical sciences; 
4. Two types of taxes. 
 
3. Say if the following is true or false. Correct the false statements. 
 
1. Social sciences study the natural world around us. 
2. Physical sciences are more exact than social sciences. 
3. Government “services,” such as national defense and the prison system are not 
studied by economics. 
4. Human behaviour can be examined and predicted with much precision. 
5. Water boils at 212° Fahrenheit. 
6. The raise of sales tax always causes lower sales. 
 
5. Tell about the two experiments described in the text. 
 
 
Grammar. Conditionals (zero/first conditionals) 
 
 
Условные предложения или придаточные предложения условия 
(Conditionals)  –  это сложноподчиненные предложения, состоящие из главного предложения (Main clause) и придаточного условия (if-clause), которое 
часто вводится союзом if. Условные предложения в английском языке используются для описания осуществимых или неосуществимых ситуаций и 
бывают четырех типов.