Обучение говорению на английском языке по направлениям подготовки на факультете «Машиностроительные технологии»
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Тематика:
Английский язык
Год издания: 2016
Кол-во страниц: 44
Дополнительно
Вид издания:
Учебное пособие
Уровень образования:
ВО - Магистратура
ISBN: 978-5-7038-4397-0
Артикул: 840479.01.99
В издании впервые приводится базовый материал, направленный на обучение разным видам разговорной практики по тематике всех основных направлений подготовки на факультете «Машиностроительные технологии» (МТ). Пособие содержит текстовую информацию из оригинальной англоязычной научно-технической литературы, активную лексику, упражнения для отработки навыков монологической и диалогической речи по тематике специальностей и направлений подготовки, осуществляемых на факультете МТ, а также материал для подготовки презентации по специальности обучающегося. Для студентов старших курсов, магистрантов и аспирантов, обучающихся на факультете «Машиностроительные технологии» МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана.
Тематика:
ББК:
УДК:
ОКСО:
- ВО - Магистратура
- 15.04.01: Машиностроение
- 15.04.02: Технологические машины и оборудование
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Московский государственный технический университет имени Н. Э. Баумана И. В. Лысенко, Н. С. Николаева Обучение говорению на английском языке по направлениям подготовки на факультете «Машиностроительные технологии» Учебное пособие
УДК 802 ББК 81.2 Англ-923 Л88 Издание доступно в электронном виде на портале ebooks.bmstu.ru по адресу: http://www.ebooks.bmstu.ru/catalog/107/book1419.html Факультет «Лингвистика» Кафедра «Английский язык для машиностроительных специальностей» Рекомендовано Редакционно-издательским советом МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана в качестве учебного пособия Лысенко, И. В. Обучение говорению на английском языке по направлениям подготовки на факультете «Машиностроительные технологии» : учебное пособие / И. В. Лысенко, Н. С. Николаева. — Москва : Издательство МГТУ им. Н. Э. Баумана, 2016. — 41, [3] с. ISBN 978-5-7038-4397-0 В издании впервые приводится базовый материал, направленный на обучение разным видам разговорной практики по тематике всех основных направлений подготовки на факультете «Машиностроительные технологии» (МТ). Пособие содержит текстовую информацию из оригинальной англоязычной научно-технической литературы, активную лексику, упражнения для отработки навыков монологической и диалогической речи по тематике специальностей и направлений подготовки, осуществляемых на факультете МТ, а также материал для подготовки презентации по специальности обучающегося. Для студентов старших курсов, магистрантов и аспирантов, обучающихся на факультете «Машиностроительные технологии» МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана. УДК 802 ББК 81.2 Анг-923 МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана, 2016 Оформление. Издательство ISBN 978-5-7038-4397-0 МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана, 2016 Л88
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ Данное учебное пособие подготовлено для студентов старших курсов, магистрантов и аспирантов, обучающихся по направлениям подготовки и специальностям факультета «Машиностроительные технологии» (МТ) в техническом вузе. Издание содержит базовую информацию из оригинальных текстов англоязычной научнотехнической литературы для аудиторной и самостоятельной работы студентов при подготовке к экзаменам в VI–VII семестрах по тематике основных специальностей, приобретаемых на факультете МТ МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана. Принципиальная новизна учебного пособия заключается в том, что в нем приводится материал, направленный на обучение разным видам разговорной практики — профессионально-ориентированной монологической и диалогической речи студентов, магистрантов и аспирантов по основным специальностям факультета МТ. Пособие включает краткое введение и четыре блока. Первый, третий и четвертый блоки предназначены для обучающихся на всех специальностях факультета МТ. В первом блоке приведены некоторые ключевые фразы о том, где обучается студент, чтобы он смог представиться. В третьем блоке предложены вопросы на общетехнические темы, на которые студентам необходимо самостоятельно подготовить ответы. В четвертом блоке даны совет и ключевые фразы, полезные при подготовке презентации. Согласно числу направлений подготовки и специальностей факультета МТ, второй блок содержит 10 подразделов, в каждый из которых включены тексты по специальности обучающегося и упражнения. Эти материалы способствуют закреплению соответствующей терминологии, понятий и фактических данных, необходимых для развития монологической и диалогической речи по заданной теме.
INTRODUCTION Engineering is one of the oldest occupations in the history of mankind. It is the activity of applying scientific knowledge in such disciplines as physics and mathematics to the design, building and control of machines, roads, bridges, electrical equipment, etc. There are different kinds of engineering. They are: chemical, electrical, civil, mechanical, genetic, social, etc. Mechanical engineering separated as a specific field during the industrial revolution in Europe in the 18th century. And since then it has become the backbone of all areas of human’s activity as provides them with various types of equipment. Mechanical engineering is the discipline that applies the principles of physics, engineering and materials science fundamentals for the design, manufacturing, and maintenance of different mechanical systems in industry. This branch requires an understanding of core concepts of many theoretical sciences such as mechanics and kinematics, thermo- and aerodynamics, as well as computer-aided design, product lifecycle management, robotics and automation. Degrees in mechanical engineering are offered at various universities all over the world.
1. INTRODUCING YOURSELF I study at Bauman Moscow State Technical University or BMSTU for short. I’m a third (fourth) year student of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technologies. My specialized department is … . (See the names in the table below). The department trains specialists in the field of ... . Specialized Departments Number of the Department Russian name English name МТ-1 Металлорежущие станки Machine Tools МТ-2 Инструментальная техника и технологии Tool Engineering МТ-3 Технологии машиностроения Industrial Processes МТ-4 Метрология и взаимозаменяемость Metrology and Interchangeability МТ-5 Литейные технологии Casting Technologies МТ-6 Технологии обработки металлов давлением Metal-forming Technologies МТ-7 Технологии сварки и диагностики Welding Technologies МТ-8 Материаловедение Materials Science МТ-10 Оборудование и технологии прокатки Rolling Technologies МТ-11 Электронные технологии в машиностроении Electronic Technologies МТ-12 Лазерные технологии в машиностроении Laser Technologies МТ-13 Технологии обработки материалов Material Processing Technologies
2. INTRODUCING YOUR BRANCH OF ENGINEERING UNIT 2.1. Machining (MT-1, 2, 3) Exercise 1. Read and translate the text. Machining is the use of machines to cut pieces of materials, called workpieces and shape them into components. The tools are used in machining to make holes, grooves, threads, etc. So a machine tool is any power-driven mostly non-portable machine designed primarily for shaping and sizing metal parts by the progressive removal of chips or by abrasion, from raw materials in the form of castings, forgings, bars, tubes, plates and stamping. In manufacturing, machining is usually guided by computer numerical control (CNC) systems. Often, design information (on shapes and sizes of components) is fed directly into CNC systems from computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) soft-ware. The most common machining techniques which cutting tools use are: milling, turning, sawing, drilling and grinding. Milling is cutting done by a milling machine, often using toothed cutting disks. When a workpiece is milled, it is held in a fixed position on the machine, and is shaped by cutting tools which rotate while being moved over the surface of the workpiece. Turning is a technique for cutting components that have a circular cross-section. The workpiece is turned by a machine called a lathe, which rotates the workpiece. Sawing is cutting using a blade which has teeth to remove a thickness of material slightly wider than the blade. The gap left by the blade, along the line of the cut, is called a kerf. Saws may also use abrasive wheels — that is, thin, circular cutting wheels with rough, hard surfaces — often made of industrial diamond. Drilling is a technique for cutting circular holes. A machine called a drill is fitted with a tool called a drill bit (or bit). The bit rotates and
drills into the material. Usually, drilling refers to making new holes. In machining, enlarging a hole is called boring. Grinding is removing material across a surface area, using abrasive wheels. The machines used to grind materials with abrasive wheels are called grinders. Machine tools are the backbone of the metalworking industry without which no other machines could be made. They are the only manmade objects capable of reproducing themselves. Exercise 2. Try to memorize the following word combinations: power-driven non-portable machine — стационарный станок с механическим приводом removal of chips — удаление стружки raw-materials — сырье toothed cutting discs — диски с острыми режущими кромками Exercise 3. Match the two parts (column A and column B) to make correct sentences. A B 1 A drill bit is an example of … a CAD/CAM software 2 Material being machined is called … b a CNC system 3 The waste metal produced during machining is called … c a machine tool 4 A computer that guides a machining process is called … d a workpiece 5 Drawings can be produced and transferred to the machining process using … e chips Exercise 4. Complete the sentences using the words in italic below. Drill, grind, mill, turn, saw 1. Lathes are designed to ____________ workpieces. 2. Different bits are designed to ____________ into different types of material. 3. When you _____________ a workpiece, the cutting blade removes a thickness of material to form a kerf. 4. Abrasive wheels _____________ material.
5. On some machines, toothed cutting wheels can be used to ______________ any part of a workpiece, in order to form its final shape. Exercise 5. Answer the following questions on your branch of engineering. 1. What is a machine tool? 2. In manufacturing, what does CNC stand for? 3. How is design information fed into CNC systems? 4. What do CAD/CAM stand for? 5. What are the most common machining techniques which use cutting tools? Give a description of each one. 6. Why are machine tools considered to be the backbone of the metalworking industry? 7. What machining operations are often used in manufacturing involving metalworking? 8. What ways of material joining do you know? 9. What factors does the most suitable method of joining components depend on? 10. What should be taken into account while choosing different cutting techniques? Give examples. 11. Will you compare advantages and disadvantages of mechanical fixings and non-mechanical joints? Exercise 6. Speak on your branch of engineering. UNIT 2.2. Metrology and Interchangeability (MT-4) Exercise 7. Read and translate the text. Metrology is the science of measurement and its application. Metrology is, probably, one of the oldest sciences in the world and has become a natural part of our everyday life. We find it almost impossible to describe anything without referring to weights and measurements. Dm. Mendeleev, the great Russian scholar said, “Science begins when we start to measure.”
Metrology is a very broad field and may be divided into the subfields: 1) scientific or fundamental metrology concerns the establishment of quantity systems, units of measurement, the development of new measurement methods, realization of measurement standards and the transfer of traceability from the standards to users in society; 2) applied or industrial metrology concerns the application of measurement science to manufacturing and other processes and their use in society, ensuring the suitability of measurements, their calibration and quality control of measurements; 3) legal metrology concerns regulatory requirements of measurements and measuring instruments for the protection of health, public safety, the environment, enabling taxation protection of consumers and fair trade. Systematic measurements are one of the foundations of industrial quality control. Quality has become an important means of the world market. A strategy based on management commitment to continuous quality improvement has to be applied systematically in any organization. Otherwise, large shares of the market will be lost to those competitors who are more aware of the importance of quality. High standards of quality in products and services are essential factors in determining a company’s ability to compete on international markets. The ISO 9000 series of standards has been developed in response to this need. The standards set out procedures for ensuring that the effective quality system is established and maintained. Exercise 8. Try to memorize the following words and word combinations: unit of measurement — единица (физической) величины измерения traceability — единство измерений suitability — соответствие измерений taxation — налогообложение management commitment — обязательство руководства
Exercise 9. Match the two parts (column A and column B) to make correct sentences. A B 1 The standards set out a management commitment to continuous quality improvement has to be applied in any organization. 2 Applied or industrial metrology concerns b regulatory requirements of measurements and measuring instruments for the protection of health, public safety, the environments, etc. 3 A strategy based on c the establishment of quantity systems, units of measurement, the development of new measurement methods, etc. 4 Legal metrology concerns d the application of measurement science to manufacturing and other processes and their use in society. 5 Scientific or fundamental metrology concerns e procedures for ensuring that the effective quality system is established and maintained. Exercise 10. Give Russian equivalents for the following word combinations and use them in the sentences of your own: in the field of; metrology, standardization and certification; refer to weights and measurements; scientific or fundamental metrology; applied or industrial metrology; legal metrology, industrial quality control; important means of competition; large shares of the market; be aware of something; quality assurance. Exercise 11. Answer the following questions on your branch of engineering. 1. What kind of specialists does the department train? 2. What is metrology? 3. What subfields is metrology divided into? Give the definition of them. 4. Why has quality become an important means of competition on the world market? 5. What are the essential factors in determining a company’s ability to compete on international markets? 6. What do the standards set out? Exercise 12. Speak on your branch of engineering.