Psychology and the penal law = Психология и уголовно-исполнительное право

Федеральная служба исполнения наказаний

Вологодский институт права и экономики

Е. С. Мироненко, Ю. В. Смирнова

PSYCHOLOGY AND THE PENAL LAW

ПСИХОЛОГИЯ И УГОЛОВНО-ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОЕ ПРАВО

Учебное пособие 

Вологда

2020

УДК 811.111:159.9:343.8(075)
ББК 81.2Англ.я73

М 64

Рецензенты:
Е. Н. Воробьева – доц. каф. рус. и иностр. языков ВИПЭ ФСИН 

России, канд. филол. наук, доц.;

С. С. Василенко – доц. каф. лингвистики и межкультур. комму
никации Вологод. гос. ун-та, канд. пед. наук

Мироненко, Е. С.

Psychology and the penal law = Психология и уголовно-ис
полнительное право : учебное пособие / Е. С. Мироненко, 
Ю. В. Смирнова ; Федеральная служба исполнения наказаний, Вологодский институт права и экономики. – Вологда : ВИПЭ ФСИН 
России, 2020. – 127 с. : ил.

ISBN 978-5-94991-545-5

Учебное пособие адресовано лицам, изучающим иностранный язык в 

профессиональной сфере. Предлагаемые вниманию обучающихся тексты 
рассматривают особенности работы в области общей и пенитенциарной психологии, содержат аутентичный материал, предполагающий расширение лексического запаса изучаемого языка. Разнообразные упражнения способствуют снятию лексических трудностей при чтении и переводе с одного языка на 
другой и более глубокому пониманию некоторых особенностей английского 
языка. Пособие содержит серию дополнительных текстов с глоссарием для 
самостоятельной работы.

Предназначено обучающимся по специальности 37.05.02 – Психология 

служебной деятельности и направления подготовки 37.03.01 «Психология», а 
также может быть полезно лицам, занимающимся английским языком самостоятельно и интересующимся вопросами современной психологии.

УДК 811.111:159.9:343.8(075)

ББК 81.2Англ.я73

ISBN 978-5-94991-545-5  © ФКОУ ВО «Вологодский институт права и экономики 
 
 
            Федеральной службы исполнения наказаний», 2020

   © Мироненко Е. С., 2020
   © Смирнова Ю. В., 2020

М 64

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ

Данное пособие по английскому языку направлено на со
вершенствование навыков устной и письменной речи на английском языке в профессиональной сфере на материале, рассматривающем особенности работы в области психологии. 

Пособие предназначено для обучающихся по специально
стям «Психология служебной деятельности» и «Психология», а 
также может быть использовано лицами, самостоятельно занимающимися английским языком и интересующимися вопросами современной психологии. Рекомендуется как основной материал изучающим английский язык в профессиональной сфере и 
на занятиях, и при самостоятельной работе. Профессиональная 
практическая направленность пособия обеспечивается соответствующими заданиями.

Пособие состоит из десяти разделов, тексты которых знако
мят обучающихся с сущностью психологии, проблемами и направлениями современной психологии. Ряд разделов содержит 
тексты, отражающие психологическую работу в пенитенциарных учреждениях. Тематика текстов способствует активному 
освоению терминологической лексики на английском языке и 
включает в себя типичные грамматические структуры, встречающиеся в текстах подобного рода. Большое внимание уделяется 
развитию навыков полного понимания и перевода текстов, развитию умения самостоятельно строить монологическое высказывание с опорой на текст и послетекстовые задания. Предлагаемые дотекстовые и послетекстовые упражнения направлены 
на снятие лексических и грамматических трудностей, которые 
могут возникнуть при переводе. 

Представленные дополнительные материалы – глоссарий 

терминов, перечень фраз для реферирования – содержат необходимый для выполнения заданий материал в помощь обучающимся. Раздел дополнительного чтения содержит тексты, рассматривающие проблемы современной психологии, глоссарий и 
задания с целью анализа в рамках самостоятельной работы.

Рекомендуется обсуждение дискуссионных вопросов как до 

ознакомления с содержанием текста, так и после работы с ним, в 
качестве итоговых заданий – проведение дискуссий, подготовка 
презентаций, разработка творческих проектов. 

Материалы пособия были апробированы в рамках учебной 

дисциплины «Иностранный язык» с курсантами второго курса, 
обучающимися по специальности «Психология служебной деятельности».

“Once you start making the effort to ‘wake yourself up’ –that is,  

be more mindful in your activities – you suddenly start 

appreciating life a lot more.”

Robert Biswas-Diener

UNIT I

TYPES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS

1. Before starting work with Unit I, think over and answer the 

questions:

 What types of psychological problems do you know? Give 

examples.

 What information about the ways of treating these problems 

are you aware of?

2. Read the international words and give their translation:
Psychological, factors, stress, psychologist, design, problem, 

client, situation, function, strategy, the symptoms, stop, depression, 
history, identify, positive, negative, process, result, techniques, 
medical, intervention, individual, therapy, psychotherapeutic, 
effective, teenager, social, interest, structure.

3. Form your own chains of words and give their translation:
 social
 techniques

 psychotherapeutic 
 intervention

 medical 
 process

4. Read the chains of words from the text. Give their translation 

into Russian. Consult the dictionary, if you need:

1) inappropriate behaviour,
2) to cope with,
3) impartial third party,
4) crying spells,
5) apparent,
6) circumstances,
7) to occur,
8) to be laid off from work,

9) reasonable,
10) be confused,
11) following an evaluation,
12) shopping sprees,
13) has been forced to transfer,
14) to skip classes,
15) a teenager,
16) to make a major life transition,
17) perplexing,
18) to respond to troubling circumstances,
19) to adjust to his new environment,
20) to be separated from the network of friends. 

5. Study the following words and phrases from the text, 

memorize them:
be put on probation
быть на испытательном сроке

contributing factors 
сопутствующие факторы

design a treatment
выработать курс лечения

the current situation 
настоящая ситуация

to deal with the problem 
справиться с проблемой, решить проблему

problem-solving strategies
стратегия решения проблемы

to face the problem
столкнуться с проблемой

available resources
доступные, имеющиеся ресурсы

insomnia
бессонница

experience symptoms
испытывать симптомы

causes
причины

to contribute to depression
усугублять депрессию

proven track record
проверенный способ

overcome depressive disorders
преодолеть депрессивные расстройства

to approach the problem
приступать к решению проблемы

reduce the negative thinking
снизить негативность мышления

to tend to accompany depression иметь 
обыкновение 
сопут
ствовать депрессии

facilitate the process of grieving усиливать скорбь
psychological interventions
психологическое вмешательство

psychotherapeutic techniques
психотерапевтические методы

under difficult circumstances
в трудных обстоятельствах

bipolar disorders
биполярные расстройства

thorough evaluation
провести тщательную оценку 

contradictory behavior exhibits
противоречивость поведения

mood disorder
расстройство настроения

to assess a patient’s need
оценить потребности пациента

adolescence
подростковый возраст

6. Read the text and do the tasks after it. Comprise a 

terminological vocabulary in addition to the words given above.

Some Types of Psychological Problems 

1) A man in his late 20s has just been put on probation at work 

because of inappropriate behavior towards his staff and other 
employees. He has been drinking heavily and is getting into more 
arguments with his wife.

Once the contributing factors that may have led to the man’s 

increase in stress have been examined, the psychologist and the man 
will design a treatment that addresses the identified problems and issues. 
The psychologist will help the client evaluate how he coped with, and 
what he learned from, any earlier experiences he had with a similar 
problem that might be useful for dealing with the current situation.

Functioning as a trained, experienced and impartial third party, 

the psychologist will help this client take advantage of available 
resources (his own as well as other resources) to deal with the 
problem. The psychologist also will assist this client with developing 
new skills and problem-solving strategies for confronting the 
problem he faces.

2) Crying spells, insomnia, lack of appetite and feelings of 

hopelessness are some of the symptoms a woman in her early 40s is 
experiencing. She has stopped going to her weekly social activities 

and has a hard time getting up to go to work. She feels like she lives 
in a black cloud and can’t see an end to the way she feels.

The symptoms of depression are extremely difficult to deal 

with, and the causes may not be immediately apparent. Significant 
life changes – such as the death of a loved one, the loss of a job or 
a child’s leaving home for college – may contribute to depression. 
Psychologists have a proven track record in helping people deal with 
and overcome depressive disorders.

A psychologist will approach the problems this woman presents 

by addressing why she is reacting the way she is reacting now. Does 
she have a history or pattern of such feelings, and, if so, under what 
circumstances? What was helpful to her before when she dealt with 
similar feelings, and what is she doing now to cope with her feelings?

The psychologist will work to help the client see a more positive 

future and reduce the negative thinking that tends to accompany 
depression. The psychologist also will assist the client in problemsolving around any major life changes that have occurred. And 
the psychologist may help facilitate the process of grieving if her 
depression resulted from a loss.

Medical problems may contribute to the symptoms the woman is 

experiencing. In such cases, medical and psychological interventions 
are called for to help individuals overcome their depression.

3) William, a successful businessman, has been laid off from 

work. Instead of looking for a job, he has gone on endless shopping 
sprees. He has gotten himself into thousands of dollars of debt, but 
he keeps spending money.

What can be more perplexing than someone who does the 

opposite of what appears to be reasonable? William’s friends and 
family members will likely be confused by his behavior. Yet, such 
behavior is not unfamiliar to psychologists who understand bipolar 
disorders. Of course, any psychologist would have to do a thorough 
evaluation to be able to understand the apparently contradictory 
behavior William exhibits. Following an evaluation, the psychologist 
might conclude that the behavior actually is a symptom of a depressive 
or some other form of mood disorder.

Typically, the best results for such a condition have come 

from treatment that combines medication and therapy. Although 
psychologists do not provide medication, they maintain relationships 
with physicians who are able to assess a patient’s need for appropriate 
medication. The psychologist offers understanding of human 
behavior and psychotherapeutic techniques that can be effective in 
helping William deal with his disorder.

4) Scott, a teenager, has just moved across town with his family 

and has been forced to transfer to a new high school. Once an 
excellent student, he is now skipping classes and getting very poor 
grades. He has had trouble making friends at this new school.

For most teenagers, “fitting in” is a critical part of adolescence. 

Scott is attempting to make a major life transition under difficult 
circumstances. He has been separated from the network of friends which 
made up his social structure and allowed him to feel “part of the group.”

Young people often respond to troubling circumstances with 

marked changes in behavior. Thus, an excellent student’s starting to 
get poor grades, a social youngster’s becoming a loner or a leader in 
school affairs losing interest in those activities would not be unusual. 
A psychologist, knowing that adolescents tend to “test” first and trust 
second, will likely initially spend time focusing on developing a 
relationship with Scott. Next, the psychologist will work with Scott 
to find better ways to help him adjust to his new environment.

7. Give answers to the questions about Some Types of 

Psychological Problems:

1. Why has a man in his late 20s been put on probation at work?
2. When do the psychologist and the man design a treatment?
3. How does the psychologist help this client? 
4. What are some of the symptoms a woman in her early 40s is 

experiencing?

5. What significant life changes may contribute to depression?
6. How does a psychologist approach the problems the woman 

presents?

7. How does the psychologist work to help the woman? 

8. Why has William, a successful businessman, gone on endless 

shopping sprees? 

9. What type of behavior does William exhibit? 
10. What might the psychologist conclude following an 

evaluation? 

11. What specialists do psychologists maintain relationships 

with? Why?

12. What problem does Scott, a teenager, have?
13. Why has Scot change his behavior? 
14. What do adolescents tend to, according to psychologists?

8. Match the words and expressions in the left-hand column 

and their synonyms in the right-hand column:

1) significant
a) teenagers

2) to respond
b) to help

3) adolescents 
c) present situation

4) to assist
d) important

5) to adjust 
e) to answer

6) type 
f) very

7) conclude 
g) kind 

8) affairs 
h) adapt

9) current situation
i) noticeable marks

10) extremely 
j) sum up

9. Fill in the sentences using words from the box:

to deal with
depressive
teenagers 
techniques 
evaluate

a symptom adjust
treatment 
the process 
depression 

1. The psychologist and the man will design a _______________ 

that addresses the identified problems and issues. 

2. The psychologist will help the client _____________ how he 

coped with, and what he learned from, any earlier experiences he 
had with a similar problem that might be useful for dealing with the 
current situation.